India has recently surpassed China as the world’s most populous nation, according to the United Nations. This is a significant milestone for India, which has been projected to overtake China’s population for several years now.

As of 2021, India’s population is estimated to be 1.38 billion, while China’s population is estimated to be 1.4 billion. This means that India now accounts for approximately 18% of the world’s population, while China accounts for approximately 18.5%.

India’s population growth rate has been steadily declining over the past few decades, but its population still continues to grow. This is largely due to its high fertility rate, which is currently estimated to be 2.2 children per woman. However, the government has implemented various programs and policies to help control population growth, such as the promotion of family planning and the use of contraceptives.

On the other hand, China’s population growth rate has been declining for several years due to its strict one-child policy, which was implemented in 1979. The policy was relaxed in 2015 to allow couples to have two children, but its impact on population growth has already been felt. China’s fertility rate is currently estimated to be 1.6 children per woman, which is below the replacement level of 2.1.

While India’s population growth rate is still higher than China’s, its demographic profile is expected to change in the coming decades. As the country continues to develop economically and education levels rise, its fertility rate is expected to decline further. This will lead to an aging population, which will pose its own set of challenges for the country.

India’s population growth has both positive and negative implications for the country. On the one hand, a growing population can provide a large workforce and consumer base, which can help drive economic growth. On the other hand, a rapidly growing population can strain resources and infrastructure, leading to social and environmental problems.

The government will need to continue to implement policies and programs to address these challenges and ensure that the benefits of a growing population are maximized while minimizing the negative effects. This includes investing in education, healthcare, and infrastructure to support a growing population, as well as promoting sustainable development practices to protect the environment.

Overall, India’s surpassing of China as the world’s most populous nation is a significant milestone for the country. While it presents both opportunities and challenges, the government and the people of India have the potential to harness the benefits of a growing population while mitigating the negative effects.